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Children and workers in plastic-related industries could face increased exposure to microplastics due to their developing bodies and frequent contact with plastic particles, a medical laboratory expert has warned.
Dr Bako Yunusa Ali, Deputy Director and Head of Medical Laboratory Department, Karu General Hospital (KGH), Abuja, raised the concern during an interview with the News Agency of Nigeria (NAN) in Abuja.
He explained that microplastics are extremely small plastic particles measuring less than five millimeters, while even smaller particles known as nanoplastics can penetrate deeper into the body’s tissues.
Microplastics enter through food, water and air
Ali said humans can be exposed to microplastics through several pathways, including contaminated food, seafood, drinking water and polluted air.
He explained that plastic materials gradually break down into smaller particles over time, allowing them to spread through different environments.
According to him, plastic bottles, packaging materials and other discarded plastic products can release microplastics when they deteriorate.
Children considered most vulnerable
The medical expert said children may be at greater risk because their organs and immune systems are still developing.
He added that children consume more food, water and air relative to their body size than adults, which could increase exposure levels.
“Microplastics have also been found in breast milk and the placenta, demonstrating that exposure can begin early in life,” Ali said.
Workers in the plastics industry are exposed to occupational exposure
Ali identified workers in plastic recycling plants and other related industries as groups who may face increased exposure.
It listed workers in: plastic recycling plants, wastewater treatment plants, textile industries, aquaculture, fisheries.
He said these workers can inhale plastic fibers and airborne dust particles during their daily activities.
Communities close to industrial areas are also at risk
The expert said people living near industrial zones, waste disposal sites and coastal communities could experience increased exposure.
He explained that microplastics can move through wind, precipitation and food chains before entering water sources, soil and aquatic environments.
Synthetic fibers from clothing, vehicle tire particles, construction activities and urban dust have also been identified as possible sources of microplastic pollution.
Long-term health effects still being studied
Ali said scientific studies have linked exposure to microplastics with inflammatory responses and possible interference with normal biological processes.
However, he noted that researchers are still studying the long-term health consequences of continued exposure.
“The health effects of long-term exposure are still being studied,” he said.
Experts urge better management of plastic waste
Ali advised Nigerians to reduce unnecessary use of plastic and improve waste disposal practices.
He stressed that controlling plastic pollution is important not only for protecting the environment but also for safeguarding human health.
He urged individuals, industries and communities to adopt better plastic management practices to reduce exposure risks.
