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The mission verified that at least 328 civilians were killed and 2,105 injured in September – 85 percent more than in September 2025.
Casualties were recorded in 22 regions and the city of Kyiv, where civilians were killed or injured on 22 of the 30 days of the month, more often than in any month since the start of the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation.
This trend continued into October. On the night of October 6 to 7 alone, Russian cruise missile and drone attacks killed 22 civilians and injured 45 people in Pryluky, in the Chernihiv region.
“The first two weeks of October were one of the deadliest periods for civilians in years,” said Danielle Bell, chief human rights monitoring mission.
Energy attack
The high death toll comes as Russian armed forces continue systematic attacks on energy infrastructure.
On October 13 and 14, strikes hit several energy facilities, including three main power plants in Kyiv, leaving 600,000 people in the capital temporarily without poweraccording to Ukrainian authorities.
Ukrainian armed forces also targeted electricity and heating infrastructure in the occupied territories and in the Russian Federation, the mission said.
“Systematically attacking electricity and heating infrastructure ahead of winter will inevitably cause great suffering to the civilian population,” Ms. Bell warned.
Displacement risk
Damaged homes and energy attacks also risk forcing Ukrainians who have returned home to flee again this winter, the International Organization for Migration (IOM) warns.
“For millions of Ukrainians, the challenge is no longer just whether they can return to their country whether they can stay there safely and the current conditions make it difficult,” said Arthur Erken, IOM Regional Director for Europe and Central Asia.
A number of 1.45 million returnees now live in frontline areasand over the past winter only 32 percent of households were able to heat their homes sufficiently.
Around 2.1 million seniors live alone in apartment buildingsexposing them to long periods of power and heating outages.
Less than seven percent of IOM’s crisis response plan for Ukraine this year has been funded, Erken said, calling for urgent support to repair homes, improve insulation and maintain essential services.
Another disadvantage of diesel
Meanwhile, the eighth local ceasefire was brokered by the international nuclear energy watchdog (IAEA) between Ukraine and Russia, started on Thursday to allow repairs to damaged backup transformers, strengthening the link between the Zaporizhzhya Nuclear Power Plant and the only remaining external power line.
IAEA Director General Rafael Mariano Grossi welcomed the cooperation between the two sides but cautioned against it Diesel fuel at the plant is running low, and there have been no deliveries since March.
“It is critical to take steps to increase the volume of diesel fuel available on site before winter, when the situation may become acute,” he said, renewing his call for maximum restraint on all sides.
